{"id":10874,"date":"2020-08-25T09:05:04","date_gmt":"2020-08-25T02:05:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/?p=10874"},"modified":"2020-08-25T09:05:04","modified_gmt":"2020-08-25T02:05:04","slug":"trach-nhiem-boi-thuong-thiet-hai-ngoai-hop-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/?p=10874","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: V\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n, do vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, danh d\u1ef1, uy t\u00edn, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

+ Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa, b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, thu\u00a0 nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat do thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

+ Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do danh d\u1ef1, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m uy t\u00edn b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat do danh d\u1ef1, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m, uy t\u00edn b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

+ Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i “b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n th\u00edch g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n”.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, To\u00e0 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng bao nhi\u00eau, b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ai..<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa thay th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, khai th\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

– H\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, danh d\u1ef1, uy t\u00edn, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o “x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m” \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, \u0110i\u1ec1u 609 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m. Vi\u1ec7c “x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m” m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc sinh ho\u1ea1t trong t\u1eebng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0…<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd\u00a0 hay v\u00f4 \u00fd.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed1 \u00fd g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c cho thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 \u00fd g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng cho r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed7i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00f3i chung. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m\u00a0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu do l\u1ed7i v\u00f4 \u00fd\u00a0 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do l\u1ed7i c\u1ed1 \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 609 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o… x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m… m\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i…\u00a0 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng”. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan\u00a0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Thi\u00ean Nam v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n: Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00e1c b\u1ea1n vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u01b0\u00a0 v\u1ea5n theo Hotline ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: V\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 sau: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82,94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dan-su","category-kinh-doanh-thuong-mai","post-with-thumbnail","post-with-thumbnail-large"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10874"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10874\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/luatthiennam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}